Overview.- Overview.- 1 Object-Oriented Design and Systems.- 2 Programming Paradigms for Graphics.- I Object-Oriented Design and Systems.- 1 Extensible Image Synthesis.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Basic Concepts of Ray-Tracing.- 3 Architecture of MRT.- 4 MRT at Work.- 5 Introducing New Objects.- 6 Experiences.- 7 Conclusions.- 2 RayViS - A Visualization System Based on Object-Orientation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Previous Work.- 3 Main RayViS Protocol.- 4 Application Interface.- 5 Relationships Among Objects.- 6 Illumination Calculations.- 7 Conclusions and Future Work.- 3 An Object-Oriented Approach to Curves and Surfaces.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Design.- 3 Applications.- 4 Conclusion and Further Work.- 4 Object-Oriented Modeling of Graphical Primitives.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Requirements for an Object-Oriented Modeling.- 3 Innovative Modeling Concepts.- 4 An Object-Oriented Modeling Approach.- 5 Realization.- 6 Implementation.- 7 Conclusion.- 5 Gemma: An Open Architecture for Distributed User Interfaces.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Introduction to Gemma.- 3 Low-level Services TO.- 4 A Simplistic Window System.- 5 Discussion.- 6 Object-Oriented Animation in the REALISM System.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The REALISM System.- 3 Some Problems of Object-Oriented Animation.- 4 Conclusions.- 7 Modeling Multimedia-Objects with MME.- 1 Motivation.- 2 Goals and General Concepts.- 3 Media Objects.- 4 Complex Media Objects.- 5 Multimedia Interactions.- 6 Architecture.- 7 Implementation.- 8 Related Work.- 9 Future Developments.- II Programming Paradigms for Graphics.- 8 Mixed Programming Paradigms in Computer Graphics.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Object-Oriented Paradigm.- 3 Object-Oriented Graphics.- 4 Mixed Paradigm Graphics.- 5 Conclusions.- 9 Talktalk.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Talktalk Basic Concepts.- 3 Additional Talktalk Concepts.- 4 Example.- 5 Discussion.- 10 OOCS - Constraints in an Object Oriented Environment.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Constraints.- 3 What is the Problem?.- 4 A Solution.- 5 An Example.- 6 Related Work.- 7 A Final Example.- 8 Conclusion.- 11 Event-based.constraints: coordinate.Satisfaction -> object.state.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Constraints and Data Encapsulation.- 3 Relations in the Object-Oriented Paradigm.- 4 Imperative Versus Declarative.- 5 Combining Objects and Constraints.- 6 Event-Based Constraint Handling.- 7 Object and Constraint Models.- 8 Implications.- 9 Conclusions.- 12 Functional 3D Graphics in C++ - with an Object-Oriented, Multiple Dispatching Implementation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Related Work.- 3 Programmer's Interface to the TBAG Geometry Layer.- 4 Design Principles Underlying the Interface.- 5 Integration of the Geometry Layer into TBAG.- 6 Implementation of the Interface.- 7 Additional Features.- 8 Conclusion.- Authors' Addresses.

The area of computer graphics is characterized by rapid evolution. New techniques in hardware and software developments, e. g. , new rendering methods, have led to new ap­ plications and broader acceptance of graphics in fields such as scientific visualization, multi-media applications, computer aided design, and virtual reality systems. The evolving functionality and the growing complexity of graphics algorithms and sys­ tems make it more difficult for the application programmer to take full advantage of these systems. Conventional programming methods are no longer suited to manage the increasing complexity, so new programming paradigms and system architectures are re­ quired. One important step in this direction is the introduction and use of object-oriented methods. Intuition teils us that visible graphical entities are objects, and experience has indeed shown that object-oriented software techniques are quite useful for graphics. The expressiveness of object-oriented languages compared to pure procedurallanguages gives the graphics application programmer much better support when transforming his mental intentions into computer code. Moreover, object-oriented software development is a, weil founded technology, allowing software to be built from reusable and extensible compo­ nents. This book contains selected, reviewed and thoroughly revised vers ions of papers submit­ ted to and presented at the Fourth Eurographies Workshops on Object-Oriented Graphics, held on May 9-11, 1994 in Sintra, Portugal.