1. Introduction.- Part I: Biodiversity.- 2. Generation of Data on Reproductive Ecology is Important for Effective Conservation of Our Plant Diversity.- 3. Molecular Approaches to Explore Coastal Benthic Metazoan Diversity - Success and Constraints.- 4. Soft Corals Biodiversity in the Egyptian Red Sea.- 5. Assessment of Grasslands in Indian Desert - a Holistic Approach.- Part II: Chemotaxonomic Markers.- 6. Chemotaxonomy Significance of Alkaloids in Plants.- 7. Iridoids as Chemotaxonomic Marker.- 8. Chemosystematic Significance of Flavonoids.- 9. Isoquinoline Alkaloids as Chemotaxonomic Markers.- 10. Saponin Diversity in Plants.- 11. Chemotaxonomy and Chemodiversity of Fungal Polyketides.- 12. Chemotaxonomic Profiling for High-Value Caretonoids in Microalgae.- 13. Fungi.- Part III: Diversity and Phylogeny.- 14. Plant Barcoding and Phylogenetic Analysis: Advances, Challenges and Future Trends.- 15. Molecular Techniques to Assess Plant Diversity.- 16. Diversity of the Genus Ocimum.- 17. Phylogeny in Echinocereus (Cactaceae): Taxonomic Implications.- 18. Genetic Variation in Brassica and Allied Genera.- Part IV: Case Studies in Chemotaxonomy.- 19. Chemotaxonomic Survey on the Genus Sedum L. (Crassulaceae) Based on Distribution and Variability of the Epicuticular Wax Constituents.- 20. Chemotaxonomic Study of Volatile Oils from Rhizomes of Zingiber species (Zingigeraceae).- 21. Chemical Variability in Essential Oils from Ruta Species and its Taxonomic and Ecological Significance.- 22. Conclusions.