In this fourth edition of the popular Flexible Bronchoscopy, which has been revised and updated throughout, the world's leading specialists discuss the technical and procedural aspects of performing diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy. Four new chapters have been added, taking into account new developments in EBUS and electromagnetic navigation.

KO-PEN WANG, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

ATUL C. MEHTA, MD, FACP, FCCP, Professor of Medicine, Buoncore Family Endowed Chair in Lung Transplantation, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

J. FRANCIS TURNER, JR., MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCM, Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA; National Supercomputing Institute, University of Nevada, NV, USA.

List of Contributors ix
Preface xiii
About the Companion Website xv
1 A Short History of Flexible Bronchoscopy: From Fiberoptics to Robotics 1
Heinrich D. Becker
2 Professor Ikeda's Genius: The Flexible Bronchoscope and Flexible Bronchoscopy Training 21
Jason Akulian and David Feller-Kopman
3 Applied Anatomy of the Airways 27
Mani S. Kavuru, Atul C. Mehta, and J. Francis Turner, Jr.
4 Infection Control and Radiation Safety in the Bronchoscopy Suite 35
Prasoon Jain, Sarah Hadique, and Atul C. Mehta
5 Anesthetic Management for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Bronchoscopy 63
Blake A. Moore, J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang
6 Indications and Contraindications in Flexible Bronchoscopy 81
Robert F. Browning Jr., J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang
7 Radial-Probe Ultrasonography in Flexible Bronchoscopy 103
Noriaki Kurimoto, Takeshi Isobe, Takeo Inoue, and Teruomi Miyazawa
8 Convex-Probe Ultrasonography in Flexible Bronchoscopy 111
Andrew Pattison and Kazuhiro Yasufuku
9 Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: Autofluorescence Bronchoscopy, Narrow-Band Imaging, Optical Coherence Tomography, Raman Spectroscopy 127
Renelle Myers and Stephen C.T. Lam
10 Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy 137
Carlos Aravena Leon and Thomas R. Gildea
11 Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation 155
Swati Baveja, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang
12 Indirect Laryngoscopy: Anatomy and Use of the Flexible Bronchoscope 161
Eric R. Carlson and Thomas Schlieve
13 Bronchoscopy for Airway Lesions: Washing, Brushing, and Endobronchial Biopsy 179
Heinrich D. Becker
14 Bronchoalveolar Lavage 185
Wei Zhang, Yi Huang, and Richard Helmers
15 Bronchoscopic Lung Biopsy 207
Sean McKay, Robert F. Browning Jr., J. Francis Turner, Jr., and Ko-Pen Wang
16 Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Cytology and Histology Specimens 221
Yang Xia, J. Francis Turner, Jr., Atul C. Mehta, and Ko-Pen Wang
17 Staging of Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Our Path from 1994 to the Present 251
J. Francis Turner, Jr. and Ko-Pen Wang
18 The Future of Interventional Pulmonology 263
Ala Eddin Sagar and David E. Ost
19 Application of Laser, Electrocautery, Argon Plasma Coagulation, and Cryotherapy in Flexible Bronchoscopy 271
Danai Khemasuwan and Semra Bilaceroglu
20 Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Application of Endobronchial Brachytherapy, Fiducial Placement, Radiofrequency Ablation, and Microwave Ablation 285
Michael A. Jantz
21 Foreign Body Aspiration and Flexible Bronchoscopy 319
Erik E. Folch, Alexander S. Rabin, and Atul C. Mehta
22 The Role of Bronchoscopy in Hemoptysis 333
Guo-wu Zhou, Hai-dong Huang, Chong Bai, and Sunit R. Patel
23 Endobronchial Stents 351
Septimiu D. Murgu, Jonathan S. Kurman, J. Francis Turner, Jr., Atul C. Mehta, and Ko-Pen Wang
24 Balloon Bronchoplasty 379
Ben Bevill, Luca Paoletti, and Nicholas J. Pastis Jr.
25 Rigid Bronchoscopy 387
J. Francis Turner, Jr. and Ko-Pen Wang
26 Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy 397
Xicheng Liu, Chen Meng, Jing Ma, and Shunying Zhao
27 Bronchoscopy in the Intensive Care Unit 411
Ali Sadoughi and Alexander Chen
28 Bronchial Thermoplasty Management of Asthma 421
Ara A. Chrissian, Samir Makani, and Michael J. Simoff
29 Endoscopic Management of Emphysema 433
Stefano Gasparini and Martina Bonifazi
30 Endoscopic Management of Bronchopleural Fistulas 445
Ming-yao Ke, Hai-dong Huang, and J. Francis Turner, Jr.
31 Clinical Management of Benign Airway Stenosis and Tracheobronchomalacia 455
Qiang Li and Yang Xia
Index 471