Acknowledgements 1. Introduction Lene Hansen 2. Identity, Communities and Foreign Policy: Discourse Analysis as Foreign Policy Theory Ole Woever 3. Sustaining Sovereignty: The Danish Approach tod Europe Lene Hansen 4. This Little Piggy Stayed at Home: Why Norway is not a member of the EU Iver B. Neumann 5. Sweden and the EU: Welfare State Nationalism and the Spectre of 'Europe' Lars Tragardh 6. Finland in the New Europe: A Herderian or Hegelian Project? Pertti Joenniemi 7. Conclusion Lene Hansen

The four Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway, have all held referenda on their relationship to the European Union in the 1990's. These referenda catalysed heated debates: should Finland and Sweden give up neutrality? Should Denmark follow the European Union's move towards higher degrees of integration? And, had there been enough change in Norway to reverse the rejection of European Community membership in 1972?
These key questions about the future of European integration are addressed in this highly topical book by examining the crucial role played by national identity.