The biochemical reactions involved in any biological system are carried out by the enzymes, which are a necessary component of the living cell. The enzymes are consistently being used in day to day activities, but they also have unsteady and varying conditions such as high temperature and pH. This problem can be addressed by the immobilization methods. Various immobilization techniques are now available and used by the industries and in research activities. The noteworthy role of immobilization methods is to prevent the valuable enzymes from a direct encounter with the dissonant conditions of the reaction and reusability, thus, reducing the overall cost of the process. Various support materials have been already applied in the immobilization processes, but the use of nano-material for immobilization is still at the initial stage and opens new dimensions for research.By minimizing operating costs and increasing process utilization of the enzymes, immobilized enzymes attract considerable attention to future commercial applications as biocatalysts. Immobilized enzymes usually have higher thermal and operational stability at different pH values, ionic strengths.

1. Dr. Lalit Kumar Singh, 2. Miss Esha DwivediDepartment of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Technology Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur (UP), India.1. He has more than 50 publications in international journals, conference proceedings, chapters in books and 3 edited books.2. She has many publications on ultrasonication, etc.