Root canal preparation is frequently considered the most important and challenging step during root canal treatment. It involves cleaning and shaping of the root canal system to remove infected soft and hard tissue , to give disinfecting irrigants access to the apical canal space , to create space for the delivery of medicaments and subsequent obturation . 1These goals can be achieved by using several techniques of root canal preparation including (a) manual preparation with different instruments; (b) automated preparation with conventional stainless steel instruments; (c) rotary systems using NiTi-instruments; (d) sonic and ultrasonic preparation; (e) lasers. 2No root canal resembles another. Consequently, each root canal has to be addressed individually. Several factors must be considered when planning and performing root canal preparation. These include anatomy, microbiology, and the instruments available for preparation.Most endodontic instruments are designed to prepare a round root canal.

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