Foreword; Susanne M. Reiterer.- Introduction: Towards an Interdisciplinary Understanding of Language Aptitude; Victoria Ameringer, Daniel Leisser, Luke Green, Sabrina Turker.- Part I: Language Aptitude and Memory.- Cognitive Abilities: Different Memory Functions and Language Aptitude; Victoria Ameringer.- Aptitude for Vocabulary Acquisition; Hannah Hackl.- Working memory and language aptitude with focus on L2 vocabulary learning; Hyun Jung Kim.- Part II: Language Aptitude and Psychological Factors.- On the Role of Self-Efficacy as a Possible Component of Language Aptitude in the Acquisition of British /æ/; Daniel Leisser.- Motivation and Personality in Language Aptitude; Nejra Rizvanovic.- Part III: Language Aptitude in Relation to Neuroscience and Musicality.- The Neuroanatomical Correlates of Foreign Language Aptitude; Sabrina Turker, Susanne Reiterer, Peter Schneider, Annemarie Seither-Preisler.- Let the Music Speak: Examining the Relationship between Music and Language Aptitude in Pre-School Children; Markus Christiner.- Language Aptitude in Relation to Handedness, Hemispheric Dominance, Cognitive Learning Strategies and Non-Verbal IQ: a Combined Quantitative and Qualitative Study; Klara Kager.- The impact of speaking a tone language on music aptitude; Niloufar Saraei.- Making Music and Learning Languages - Musicality and Grammar; Daniel Malzer.- Language Aptitude and Gender; Cornelia Habl.- Part IV: Language Aptitude and Socio-Environmental Influences.- Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies & Language Aptitude; Jakob Poschner.- Comparing the Language Aptitudes and Language Attitudes of Mono- and Bilingual Burgenland Croats; Katharina Anna Maria Krumpeck.- The Correlation of Early Multilingualism and Language Aptitude; Sofia Hörder.- The Role of Language Aptitude in Second Language Attrition; Astrid Elisabeth Lehner.- So what's the deal now!? Am I talented or not? Stefanie Rüdegger.- Part V Language Aptitude for Pronunciation.- Factors Affecting the Pronunciation Abilities of Adult Learners of English: A Longitudinal Group Study; Karin Richter.- Language Transfer vs. Language Talent? Individual differences and aptitude in L2 phonology of Persian-speaking learners of English; Zhaleh Ghafoorian Maddah, Susanne M. Reiterer