This book aims at providing an accessible, and yet comprehensive and self-contained discussion of compact stars. After a pedagogical introduction to the physics of white dwarfs, the bulk of the book is devoted to the analysis of the structure and dynamics of neutron stars. A great deal of emphasis is placed on the dynamical models underlying the description of neutron star matter at microscopic level. The analysis of these models is inherently cross-disciplinary - from nuclear and particle physics to astrophysics and condensed matter physics ¿ and the relevant concepts are introduced following a didactic approach, drawing largely on the historical development of the field. The impact of the latest experimental data, such as gravitational waves emissions, and the potential of future observational developments in the new era of multimessenger astronomy are extensively discussed. This volume is intended to provide PhD students in physics and astrophysics with solid foundations for their future research career. It is also a useful tool for the broader audience of more advanced readers, working in the fields of nuclear and particle physics as well as gravitational physics.

Omar Benhar is an Emeritus Reseacrh Director at the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Research (INFN), and has been teaching theoretical physics classes at Sapienza University of Rome for over twenty years. His research activity is primarily concerned with nuclear many-body theory and the study of electroweak interactions of nuclei. Since 2009, he has been giving a lecture course on "The Structure of Compact Stars" to physics and astrophysics PhD students of Sapienza University. He worked extensively in the USA, with the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Old Dominion University, Virginia Tech, and The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The list of his publications includes over hundred and fifty papers appeared in peer-reviewed journals, two textbooks on "Relativistic Quantum Mechanics" and "Gauge Theories" co-authored with Nicola Cabibbo and Luciano Maiani and a monograph on "Nuclear Matter Theory" co-authored with Stefano Fantoni.

Introduction.- The Structure of White Dwarfs.- Overview of Neutron Star Structure.- The Neutron Star Interior.- Equilibrium Properties of Neutron Stars.- Neutrino Emission and Neutron Star Cooling.- Gravitational Wave Observation and Multimessenger Astronomy.- Summary and Outlook.