Michelle Fernandez is a Brazilian researcher and professor of Political Science at the Institute of Political Science at Universidade de Brasília (Ipol-UnB), Brazil, and a collaborate researcher at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz/Ministry of Health), Brazil. She develops research in the areas of political institutions, health policy and bureaucracy.

Carlos Machado is a Brazilian associate professor of Political Science at the Institute of Political Science at Universidade de Brasília (Ipol-UnB), Brazil. He is the coordinator of the Flora Tristán Research Center and of the extension project "Ubuntu: Frente Negra de Ciência Política". He develops research in the areas of political parties, electoral studies, race and politics and anti-racism.

1. Introduction: What are the political challenges of COVID-19 in Latin America?

Part I: The deniers

2. Brazilian response to Covid-19: polarization and conflict

3. Mexico in the face of Covid-19: in between actions and inefficiency

4. Nicaragua: denying the health crisis and the political crisis

Part II: State Action During COVID-19 Pandemic

5. Managing the pandemic in Colombia: between the immediate response and the structural consequences

6. The Uruguayan's State's structure and the management of the pandemic

Part III: Social Movements and pandemic

7. Solidarity during the Pandemic: Creative Recombinations in Social Movement Frames and Repertoires

8. Transformative events and collective action in Chile during the Covid pandemic

Part IV: Public opinion and pandemic

9. Presidential approval during the Covid-19 pandemic in Argentina

10. Identity versus fear of death: political polarization under the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil

11. Between pessimism and mistrust: Ecuadorian attitudes in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic

12. "For the sake of all, the Poor First": covid, mañaneras and the popularity of the mexican president

13. Conclusion: Comparing cases to understand the political challenges of COVID-19 in Latin America