This book describes new theories and applications of artificial neural networks, with a special focus on answering questions in neuroscience, biology and biophysics and cognitive research. It covers a wide range of methods and technologies, including deep neural networks, large scale neural models, brain computer interface, signal processing methods, as well as models of perception, studies on emotion recognition, self-organization and many more. The book includes both selected and invited papers presented at the XXI International Conference on Neuroinformatics, held on October 7-11, 2019, in Dolgoprudny, a town in Moscow region, Russia.

Preface.- Part I: Invited Papers.- Chapter 1. Deep Learning a Single Photo Voxel Model Prediction from Real and Synthetic Images.- Chapter 2. Tensor Train Neural Networks in Retail Operations.- Chapter 3. Semi-Empirical Neural Network Based Modeling and Identification of Controlled Dynamical Systems, etc.