This book charts the shifting boundaries of Judaism from antiquity to the modern period to bring clarity to what scholars mean when they claim that ancient texts or groups are "within Judaism" as well as exploring how rabbinic Jews, Christians, and Muslims have constructed Judaism to form their own identities.

Part I. The "Within Judaism" Perspective: What's at Stake?

1. The "Within Judaism" Perspective: Why Does It Matter?

Magnus Zetterholm

2. What Does "Within Judaism" Mean? Some Thoughts on Method, History, and Theology

Anders Runesson

3. What's in a Label? "Jews," "Judaism," and "Jewish" in the Study of Antiquity

Adele Reinhartz

4. What's in a Translation?

Mark D. Nanos

5. Gender, Judaism, and the Jesus Movement: What Change Does "Within" Bring?

Kathy Ehrensperger

6. Attending to Power: "Within Judaism" Scholarship and the Erasure of History

Neil Elliott

Part II. The First and Second Centuries: Reading New Testament Texts Within Judaism

7. Paul Within Judaism

Paula Fredriksen

8. Mark Within Judaism

John Van Maaren

9. Matthew Within Judaism

Matthias Konradt

10. Luke Within Judaism

Joshua Paul Smith and Matthew Thiessen

11. Acts Within Judaism

Isaac W. Oliver

12. John Within Judaism

Wally V. Cirafesi

13. Revelation Within Judaism

Ralph J. Korner

14. James Within Judaism

Karl-Wilhelm Niebuhr

Part III. From the Third Century to the Rise of Islam: New Boundaries Emerge

15. Jesus Within Third- and Fourth-Century Judaism: The Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions 1.27-71 and the Homilies

Karin Hedner Zetterholm

16. 2 Enoch Within Judaism? Erudite Eclecticism in Late Antiquity

Grant Macaskill

17. Augustine on Jesus and Paul Within Judaism

Paula Fredriksen

18. John Chrysostom Draws a Line

Michele Murray

19. Within Israel: A Rabbinic Perspective

Adiel Schremer

20. What Falls Within Judaism According to the Quran? Q5 S¿rat al-M¿¿ida 44-47 as Critique of Mishnah Avot 1:1

Holger Zellentin

21. Judaism Within Islam? Jews and Judaism in Early Islamic Sources

Mohammed Ahmed

Part IV. Present-Day Judaism and Christianity

22. "Within Judaism" in Contemporary Jewish Life

Elliot N. Dorff

23. Can Jesus as Messiah Find a Place Within Twenty-First Century Judaism? The Messianic Jewish Challenge

Mark S. Kinzer and Jennifer M. Rosner

24. What Does "Within Judaism" Mean for Catholic Christians Today?

Philip A. Cunningham

25. What Does the "Within Judaism" Perspective Mean for Protestant Christians Today?

William S. Campbell and Kathy Ehrensperger

Karin Hedner Zetterholm is associate professor of Jewish Studies at Lund University.

Anders Runesson is professor of New Testament at the University of Oslo.