MILES TURNBULL is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of Prince Edward Island. He is Coordinator of Graduate Programs and works in the pre-service program in French second language teaching, as Coordinator of the Bachelor of Education- French Education. His research has been funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Canadian Heritage, The Education and Quality Assurance Office of Ontario, and the Canadian Association of Second Language Teachers. In 2006, he was named research scholar in residence in official languages funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the Department of Canadian Heritage.

JENNIFER DAILEY-O'CAIN is an Associate Professor of German and Applied Linguistics at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. Alongside her work on code-switching in the classroom, her research also includes work in language, migration and identity in both Germany and German-speaking Canada, and language attitudes in post-unification Germany. Major recent publications include articles in the Modern Language Journal, the International Journal of Bilingualism, the Canadian Modern Language Review and the Journal of Sociolinguistics.

This volume offers fresh perspectives on a controversial issue in applied linguistics and language teaching by focusing on the use of the first language in communicative or immersion-type classrooms. It includes new work by both new and established scholars in educational scholarship, second language acquisition, and sociolinguistics, as well as in a variety of languages, countries, and educational contexts. Through its focus at the intersection of theory, practice, curriculum and policy, the book demands a reconceptualization of code-switching as something that both proficient and aspiring bilinguals do naturally, and as a practice that is inherently linked with bilingual code-switching.

Introduction - Miles Turnbull and Jennifer Dailey-O'Cain

1 Teachers' Use of the First Language in French Immersion: Revisiting a Core Principle - Brian McMillan and Miles Turnbull

2 Teacher Use of Code-Switching in the Second Language Classroom: Exploring 'Optimal' Use - Ernesto Macaro

3 Code-Switching in Computer-Mediated Communication: Linguistic and Interpersonal Dimensions of Cross-National Discourse Between School Learners of French and English - Michael Evans

4 Target Language Use in English Classes in Hungarian Primary Schools - Krisztina Nagy and Daniel Robertson

5 Forms and Functions of Code-Switching by Dual Immersion Students: A Comparison of Heritage Speaker and Second-Language Children - Kim Potowski

6 How Bilingual Children Talk: Strategic Code-Switching Among Children in Dual Language Programs - Janet M. Fuller

7 Teacher and Student Use of the First Language in Foreign Language Classroom Interaction: Functions and Applications - Jennifer Dailey-O'Cain and Grit Liebscher

8 Building Meaning Through Code Choice in Second Language Learner Interaction: A D/discourse Analysis and Proposals for Curriculum Design and Teaching - Glenn S. Levine

9 The Impact of Pedagogical Materials on Critical Language Awareness: Assessing Student Attention to Patterns of Language Use - Carl S. Blyth

10 Concluding Reflections: Moving Forward - Miles Turnbull and Jennifer Dailey-O'Cain