Anton Weiss-Wendt is Senior Lecturer in the research department at the Center for the Study of the Holocaust and Religious Minorities in Oslo, Norway. He is the author of Murder Without Hatred: Estonians and the Holocaust (2009) and Small-Town Russia: Childhood Memories of the Final Soviet Decade (2010), and the editor of Eradicating Differences: The Treatment of Minorities in Nazi-Dominated Europe (2010) and Racial Science in Hitler's New Europe, 1939-1945 (with Rory Yeomans, 2013).

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Chapter 1. Assimilation and Persecution: An Overview of Attitudes Toward Gypsies in France
Shannon L. Fogg

Chapter 2. Genocidal Trajectory: Persecution of Gypsies in Austria, 1938-1945
Florian Freund

Chapter 3. UstaSa Mass Violence Against Gypsies in Croatia, 1941-1942
Alexander Korb

Chapter 4. Ethnic Cleansing or "Crime Prevention"? Deportation of Romanian Roma
Vladimir Solonari

Chapter 5. Nazi Occupation Policies and the Mass Murder of the Roma in Ukraine
Mikhail Tyaglyy

Chapter 6. The Nazi Persecution of Roma in Northwestern Russia:The Operational Area of the Army Group North, 1941-1944
Martin Holler

Chapter 7. The Justice System of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Nazi Persecution of the Gypsies
Gilad Margalit

Chapter 8. Disentangling the Hierarchy of Victimhood: Commemorating Sinti and Roma and Jews in Germany's National Narrative
Nadine Blumer

Chapter 9. The Aftermath of the Roma Genocide From Implicit Memories to Commemoration
Slawomir Kapralski

Select Bibliography
Contributors
Index

Using the framework of genocide, this volume analyzes the patterns of persecution of the Roma in Nazi-dominated Europe. Detailed case studies of France, Austria, Romania, Croatia, Ukraine, and Russia generate a critical mass of evidence that indicates criminal intent on the part of the Nazi regime to destroy the Roma as a distinct group. Other chapters examine the failure of the West German State to deliver justice, the Romani collective memory of the genocide, and the current political and historical debates. As this revealing volume shows, however inconsistent or geographically limited, over time, the mass murder acquired a systematic character and came to include ever larger segments of the Romani population regardless of the social status of individual members of the community.