The first study of nineteenth-century replication across art, literature, science, social science and the humanities This landmark study explores replication as a nineteenth-century phenomenon. Replication, defined by Victorian artists as subsequent versions of a first version, similar but changed, occurred in art, literature, the press, merchandising and historical reproductions in architecture and museums. Replication also shaped scientific concepts in biology, geology and scientific practices in laboratories that repeated experiments as part of the scientific method. Fourteen case studies map a range of nineteenth-century replication practices and associations across art, literature, science, media and material culture. While replication stirred imaginations as well as anxieties over the industrialisation that produced a modern mass culture, Replication in the Long Nineteenth Century suggests, nonetheless, that this phenomenon is a forerunner of our contemporary digital culture. Julie Codell is Professor of Art History at Arizona State University Linda K. Hughes is Addie Levy Professor of Literature at Texas Christian University Cover image: Christabel Pankhurst sitting to John Tussaud for her model in wax (c) PA/PA Archive/PA Images Cover design: [EUP logo] edinburghuniversitypress.com ISBN 978-1-4744-2484-4 Barcode

Julie Codell is Professor of Art History at Arizona State University. Her publications include Orientalism, Eroticism & Modern Visuality in Global Cultures (Routledge, 2016), The Victorian Artist: Artists' Life Writing in Britain (Cambridge UP, 2003) and Transculturation in British Art, 1770-1930 (Ashgate, 2012), among others.

Linda K. Hughes, Addie Levy Professor of Literature at TCU, specialises in historical media studies (poetry, periodicals, serial fiction); gender and women's studies; and transnationality including transatlanticism. With Sarah R. Robbins she is co-editor of Teaching Transatlanticism (Edinburgh University Press, 2015) and with Julie Codell co-editor of Replication in the Long Nineteenth Century: Re-makings and Reproductions (Edinburgh University Press, 2018). Her monographs include The Victorian Serial (with Michael Lund, 1991), The Cambridge Introduction to Victorian Poetry (2010) and Victorian Women Writers and the Other Germany: Cross-Cultural Freedoms and Female Opportunity (2022).