I. Introduction.- Large Group Awareness Training: An Historical Context.- The Controversy Surrounding LGATs.- Past LGAT Outcome Research.- Design Considerations in LGAT Research.- The Current Research.- II. Study Methods.- Overview of the Methods Employed.- Research Design.- Experimental Procedures.- LGAT Outcome Measures.- Measures Included Only in the Follow-Up Study.- III. Results.- Preliminary Analyses.- Analysis of the Data.- IV. Discussion.- Possible Negative Effects of Forum Participation.- Possible Positive Outcomes of Forum Participation.- Mediational Models of Positive Effects of Forum Participation.- Alternative Explanations for the Results.- Significance of the Results.- References.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.

Large Group Awareness Training: An Historical Context Groups associated with the human potential movement have been a controversial feature of American life during the last three decades. In the 1950's and 1960's, the movement was dominated by various types of small groups (SGs), which included sensitivity training groups, encounter groups, as well as several others (see Lieberman, Yalom, & Miles, 1973). Some people viewed SGs as an effective means for attaining personal and organizational growth, and Carl Rogers, one of the founders of this movement, labeled small groups as . . the most rapidly spreading social invention of the century, and probably the most potent" (Rogers, 1970). In contrast, others attacked SGs as "the most extreme exhibition thus far of man's talent for reducing, distorting, evading, and vulgarizing his own reality" (Koch, 1973, p. 639). Nevertheless, SGs generally became an accepted tool for personal development and were incorporated into university curricula and mana­ gerial training programs. During the 1970's the prevalence and appeal of SGs declined (cf. Back, 1978), and at about the same time, large group awareness training programs (LGATs) appeared. ' LGATs are offered to the general public by profit-making or­ ganizations and examine philosophical, psychological and ethical issues concern­ ing personal effectiveness, decision-making, personal responsibility and commit­ ment After addressing these topics, participants are encouraged to apply their recently attained insights to their lives.