Chapter 1: Favored Appearances
Chapter 2: Feared Beauties
Chapter 3: The Rhetoric of Representation
Chapter 4: Beauty as a Construct
Chapter 5: Beauties in Chinese Verse and Prose, Beauties in Japanese Literature
Chapter 6: Resonance of Aesthetic Views
Chapter 7: Edo Culture as a Filter
Chapter 8: Until Naomi was Born
Epilogue: Where Beauty Will Go

For centuries, Japanese culture, including ideals of feminine beauty, was profoundly shaped by China. In this first full comparative history on the subject, Cho Kyo explores changing standards of beauty in China and Japan, ranging from plumpness to bound feet to blackened teeth. Drawing on a rich array of sources gathered over a decade of research, he considers which Chinese representations were rejected or accepted and transformed in Japan. He then traces the introduction of Western aesthetics into Japan starting in the Meiji era, leading to slowly developing but radical changes in the representation of beauty. Through fiction, poetry, art, advertisements, and photographs, the author vividly demonstrates how criteria of beauty differ greatly by era and culture and how aesthetic sense changed in the course of extended transformations that were influenced by both China and the West.

By Cho Kyo - Translated by Kyoko Iriye Selden