This handbook is the first comprehensive synthesis of these distinct yet interrelated fields of SLA and language testing. Uniquely, this handbook is written for both second language acquisition researchers interested in the applications of language testing, and language testers interested in the SLA theory underpinning their work.

Paula Winke is a Professor of Second Language Studies and TESOL at Michigan State University, USA, where she specializes in the assessment of language proficiency for practical uses and the measurement of individual differences for SLA research.

Tineke Brunfaut is a Professor of Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University, UK, where she specializes in language testing and second language reading and listening.

1. Perspectives on 'Knowing' a Second Language: What Are We Seeking to Measure?

Paula Winke & Tineke Brunfaut

PART I: Assessment Concepts for SLA Researchers

2. Validity in Language Assessment

Carol A. Chapelle

3. Validating Assessments for Research Purposes

Andrea Révész & Tineke Brunfaut

4. Language Proficiency Frameworks and Scales

Claudia Harsch & Margaret E. Malone

5. Corpora for Second Language Assessments

Dana Gablasova

6. SLA Researcher Assessment Literacy

Luke Harding & Benjamin Kremmel

PART II: Building Instruments for SLA research

7. Test Design Cycle

Anthony Greena & Glenn Fulcher

8. Choosing Test Formats and Task Types

Jayanti Banerjee, Santi B. Lestari & Olena Rossi

9. Designing Multiple-Choice Test Items

Glyn Jones

10. Likert-Type Scale Construction

Aek Phakiti

11. Pilot Testing: Why and How We Trial

Rita Green

12. Scoring Approaches: Scales/Rubrics

Folkert Kuiken & Ineke Vedder

13. Raters: Behavior and Training

John Pill & Cameron Smart

PART III: Measuring Individual Differences

14. Measuring Aptitude

Karen Roehr-Brackin

15. Measuring Motivation

Janina Iwaniec & Karen J. Dunn

16. Measuring Working Memory

Zhisheng (Edward) Wen, Alan Juffs & Paula Winke

17. Measuring Anxiety

Liying Cheng & Ying Zheng

18. Measuring Willingness to Communicate

Peter D. MacIntyre & Samantha Ayers-Glassey

PART IV: Measuring language development

19. Measuring Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency (CAF)

Gabriele Pallotti

20. Measuring Vocabulary Development

Benjamin Kremmel & Ana Pellicer-Sanchez

21. Measuring Lexicogrammar

Magali Paquot, Stefan Th. Grie & Monique Yoder

22. Measuring Grammar

Patti Spinner

23. Measuring Phonology

Dustin Crowther

24. Measuring L2 Pragmatics

Veronika Timpe-Laughlin & Soo Jung Youn

25. Measuring L2 Reading

Eun Hee Jeon & Junko Yamashita

26. Measuring L2 Listening

Aaron Olaf Batty

27. Measuring L2 Speaking

Fumiyo Nakatsuhara, Chihiro Inoue & Nahal Khabbazbashi

28. Measuring L2 Writing

Hyung-Jo Yoon & J. Dylan Burton

29. Measuring Implicit and Explicit Learning and Knowledge

Daniel R. Isbell & John Rogers

30. Measuring Task-Based Performance

Kris Van den Branden

31. Measuring Literary Competences in SLA

Amos Paran, Carol Spöettl, Ulla Ratheiser & Kathrin Eberharter

32. Measuring Interactional Competence

Evelina D. Galaczi & Lynda B. Taylor

33. Measuring Across Languages and in Multiple Languages

Riikka Alanen & Ari Huhta

34. Measuring Intercultural Competence

Gila A. Schauer

35. Assessing and Evaluating Language Learning Beyond the Classroom

Hayo Reinders & Kathleen Bailey

36. Measuring Language Development Through Self-Assessment

Troy L. Cox & Dan P. Dewey

PART V: Testing Specific Populations

37. Testing Bi/Multilingual Learners

Amanda Brown & Tej K. Bhatia

38. Testing the L2 of Young Learners

Ching-Ni Hsieh & Mark Chapman

39. Testing the L2 of Learners with Specific Learning Differences

Judit Kormos & Lynda B. Taylor

40. Testing Heritage Language Learners

Young-A Son

41. Testing Sign Language Learners

Tobias Haug, Eveline Boers-Visker & Beppie van den Bogaerde

PART VI: Measurement Principles for SLA Researchers

42. Statistical Modeling of SLA Theories: Connecting Test Performance to Construct

Yo In'nami & Akira Murakami

43. Using Equivalent Test Forms in SLA Pretest-Posttest Design Research

Yuichi Suzuki & Rie Koizumi

44. Reliability Analyses: Estimating Error

Todd H. McKay & Luke Plonsky

45. Measurement Generalizability: Considerations on Reliability and Validity

Rob Schoonen

SECTION VI: Measurement principles for SLA researchers

42. Statistical modelling of SLA theories: Connecting test performance to construct

Yo In'nami, Akira Murakami

43. Using equivalent test forms in SLA pretest-posttest design research

Yuichi Suzuki, Rie Koizumi

44. Reliability Analyses: Evaluating Error

Todd H. McKay, Luke Plonsky

45. Measurement generalizability: Considerations on reliability and validity

Rob Schoonen