This unique Research Companion takes a critical approach to a wide variety of theoretical, practical, legal and policy issues surrounding and underpinning the operation of international criminal law as applied by international criminal tribunals. The authors raise issues which are likely to provide the most significant challenges and most promising opportunities for the continuing development of this body of law.

William Schabas is Professor of International Law at Middlesex University, UK, Yvonne McDermott is Lecturer in Law at Bangor University, UK and Niamh Hayes is Head of Office at the Institute for International Criminal Investigations, The Hague, the Netherlands.

Contents: Preface; Introduction, Niamh Hayes, Yvonne McDermott and William A. Schabas; Part I International Crimes and Modes of Liability: Sisyphus wept: prosecuting sexual violence at the International Criminal Court, Niamh Hayes; Creating a framework for the prosecution of environmental crimes in international criminal law, Tara Smith; Alleged aggression in Utopia: a international criminal law examination question for 2020, Roger S. Clark; The Special Tribunal for Lebanon and terrorism as an international crime: reflections on the judicial function, Ben Saul; Damned if you don't: liability for omissions in international criminal law, Christopher Gosnell; Joint criminal enterprise liability: result orientated justice, Wayne Jordash. Part II The International Criminal Process: Rights in reverse: a critical analysis of fair trial rights under international criminal law, Yvonne McDermott; Victims' participation at the International Criminal Court: benefit or burden?, Lorraine Smith-van Lin; A shifting scale of power: who is in charge of the charges at the International Criminal Court?, Dov Jacobs; Distinguishing creativity from activism: international criminal law and the 'legitimacy' of judicial development of the law, Joseph Powderly; Equality of arms in international criminal law: continuing challenges, Charles Chernor Jalloh and Amy DiBella; Protecting the rights of the accused in international criminal proceedings: lip service or affirmative action?, Colleen Rohan; Reconciliation and sentencing in the practice of the ad hoc tribunals, Silvia D'Ascoli. Part III Complementarity and Sentencing: a Discussion: A sentence-based theory of complementarity, Kevin Jon Heller; 'Sentencing horror' or 'sentencing heuristic'? A reply to Hellers's 'sentence-based' theory of complementarity, Carsten Stahn; Three theories of complementarity: charge, sentence or process? A comment on Kevin Heller's sentence-based theory of complementarity, Darryl Robinson.