A global examination that includes nations in Latin America, Asia, Russia, Eastern Europe, and Africa, Pathways to Democracy investigates the implications of the various paths that nations take to democracy and the political and economic programs needed to stabilize new democracies. From military to authoritarian to communist oligarchies, the essays reveal that democratic transitions were instigated by divisions within the ruling elite, challenges came from groups and interests outside the elite, and poor economic performance followed in its wake. An extensive look at what the United States can do through its foreign policy to promote and invest in democratization is included. An introduction to democratization that is comprehensive and global in scope. Includes comprehensive focus on U.S. foreign policy

James Hollifield is Arnold Professor of International Political Economy and Director of international Studies at Southern Methodist University. Calvin Jillson is Chair of the Political Science department at Southern Methodist University, where he is also Director of the John Tower Center for Political Science.

PART I Introduction: The Democratic Transformations-Lessons and Prospects PART 11 The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions 1. Democracy and Its Enemies 2. On Markets and Democracy 3. Transitions to What? The Social Foundations of the Democratic Citizenship PART 111 The End of Authoritarianism in South and Central America 4. Transition Pathways: Institutional Legacies, the Military, and Democracy in South America 5. The Transformation of Labor-Based One-Partyism at the End of the Twentieth Century: The Case of Mexico 6. External Actors in the Transitions to Democracy in Latin America PART IV The Successes and Failures of the Developmental State in Asia 7. Democracy and Civil Society in Korea 8. From Confrontation to Conciliation: The Philippine Path toward Democratic Consolidation 9. Modernization, Democracy, and the Developmental State in Asia: A Virtuous Cycle or Un-ravelling Strands? 10. Democratic Inauguration and Transition in East Asia PART V The Challenge of Consolidation in Russia and Eastern Europe 11. Regime Transition and Democratic Consolidation: Federalism and Party Development in Russia 12. The Longest Transition 13. International lnfluences on Democratization in Post-communist Europe PART VI The Colonial Legacy and Sponsored Transitions in Africa 14. Understanding Ambiguity during Democratization in Africa 15. A Virtuous Circle? Democratization and Economic Reform in Africa PART VII Conclusion16. Democratization, International Relations, and U.S. Foreign Policy