This book focuses on applications of 4D imaging and 4D printing for development of low cost, indigenous lab scale solutions for various bio-medical applications. It initiates from selection of benchmark open source 4D imaging solutions and effect of different stimulus including 4D imaging, 4D printing, their specific biomedical applications.

Dr. Rupinder Singh is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teacher Training and Research, Chandigarh. He has received a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala. His area of research is additive manufacturing, composite filament processing, rapid tooling, metal casting, and plastic solid waste management. He has co-authored more than 350 science citation indexed research papers, 10 books, and more than 150 book chapters, and has presented more than 100 research papers in various national/international journals. His research has been cited more than 10210 times with an H index of 47 and a google scholar i-10 index of 212. As per Standford University, He has been listed among the world's top 2% scientists.

1. Integration of 4D imaging and 4D printing. 2. Use of Open-source 4D imaging tools for Biomedical applications. 3. Orthopedic and dental 4D requirements for veterinary patients. 4. A case study for dentistry application using medical imaging. 5. Low-cost, indigenous lab-scale solutions for various biomedical applications of veterinary patients: Clinical dentistry and Orthopedics. 6. In-house development of smart materials for 4D printing. 7. A case study on the use of in-house prepared filament for 4D printing applications in orthopedics. 8. A case study of 4D-imaging-assisted 4D printing for clinical dentistry for canines. 9. A case study of 4D-imaging-assisted 4D printing for an efficient drug-delivery system for veterinary cancer patients.