In this handbook, sixty authors, senior and junior educators and researchers from six continents, provide an overview of two hundred years of landscape architectural education. They tell the stories of schools and people, of visions, and of experiments that constitute landscape architecture education heritage.

Diedrich Bruns is Professor Emeritus at the University of Kassel, Germany. His research expertise is in planning history, landscape planning, and communication methods. His academic appointments include universities in Toronto, Canada; Stuttgart, Germany; and California and Minnesota, USA. Dr Bruns has published several peer-reviewed journal papers, book chapters, and books. He is founder of the consulting firm Landscape Ecology & Planning, and a past president of ECLAS.

Stefanie Hennecke is Professor for Open Space Planning at the University of Kassel, Germany. She has a doctoral degree from the University of the Arts, Berlin. Until 2013 she was junior professor of history and theory of landscape architecture at the Technical University of Munich. Her research topics are the history of urban green spaces in the 19th and 20th centuries and the development of adaptable urban green spaces for people and wildlife. In 2021, she edited a book on the impact of Covid-19 on public open spaces.

1. Broadening the outlook, expanding horizons

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke

PART I: Challenges and perspectives

2. Introducing the field of landscape architecture education research: challenges and perspectives

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke

3. 'A thing in movement': landscape history in professional curricula

M. Elen Deming

4. Tracing discourses: learning from the past for future landscape architecture

Mattias Qviström and Märit Jansson

5. European cooperation between educators and landscape architecture schools

Richard Stiles

6. Building up historical continuity: landscape architecture archives in education

Lilli Licka, Bernadette Blanchon, Luca Csepely-Knorr, Annegreth Dietze-Schirdewahn, Ulrike Krippner, Katalin Tákács, Sophie von Schwerin and Roland Tusch

7. Joining forces: landscape architecture and education for sustainable development

Ellen Fetzer

8. Creating vital teaching communities through curriculum development

Anne Katrine Geelmuyden

9. Conceptual thinking and relational models in landscape architecture pedagogy

Juanjo Galán

10. Pedagogy for sustainability in landscape architectural education

Dan Li

PART II: Agendas and standards

11. Chronicling education history: agendas and standards

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke

12. Early landscape architectural education in Europe

Barbara Birli, Diedrich Bruns and Karsten Jørgensen (+)

13. Landscape gardening, outdoor art, and landscape architecture: the beginning of landscape architectural education in the United States, 1862-1920

Sonja Dümpelmann

14. Hundred years of landscape architecture education in Ås, Norway: the pioneering work of Olav Leif Moen

Karsten Jørgensen (+)

15. German garden design education in the early 20th century

Lars Hopstock

16. Landscape architecture university education under National Socialism in Germany

Gert Gröning

17. 'To broaden the outlook of training': the first landscape course in Manchester

Luca Csepely-Knorr

18. Landscape architecture education history in Portugal: the pioneering roles of Francisco Caldeira Cabral and Francisco Simões Margiochi

Ana Duarte Rodrigues

19. Dutch landscape architecture education in the first half of the twentieth century: the pioneering roles of Hartogh Heys Van Zouteveen and Bijhouwer.

Patricia Debie

20. Early history of landscape architecture education initiatives in Romania: the pioneering work of Friedrich Rebhuhn

Alexandru Mexi

21. Landscape architectural education in Croatia

Petra Perekovic and Monika Kamenecki

22. Landscape architectural education in Hungary: the pioneering work of Béla Rerrich, Imre Ormos and Mihály Mocsényi.

Albert Fekete

23. Landscape architecture education history in Slovakia and the Czech Republic

Attila Tóth, Ján Supuka, Katarína Kristiánová, Jan Vanek, Alena SalaSová, and Vladimír Sitta

24. A long, yet successful journey: 114 years to implement a landscape architecture programme in Austria, 1877-1991

Ulrike Krippner and Lilli Licka

25. Landscape architecture education history in the German speaking part of Switzerland

Sophie von Schwerin

26. The history of higher landscape architecture education at ETH Zurich, Switzerland

Dunja Richter

PART III: Broadening the common ground

27. Broadening the common ground: education for the design of human environments

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke

28. Landscape architecture education in Italy: fragmented patterns

Bianca Maria Rinaldi and Francesca Mazzino

29. The training of landscape architects in France: from the horticultural engineer to the landscape architect, 1876-2016

Bernadette Blanchon, Chiara Santini and Pierre Donadieu, with Yves Petit-Berghem

30. Reflections on landscape and landscape architecture education in the Arab Middle East

Jala Makhzoumi

31. Landscape Architecture Education in China: the pioneering work of Sun Xiaoxiang

Lei Gao and Guangsi Lin

32. Landscape design education in Japan: the Meiji, Taisho, and Showa Periods

Chika Takatori

PART IV: Aiming for justice, reconciliation and decolonization

33. Innovating education policy: justice, reconciliation and decolonization

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke

34. Landscape architecture education in Albania after the fall of the Iron Curtain

Zydi Teqja

35. Landscape architectural education, knowledge, and application

Agnieszka Ciesla and Katarzyna Redzinska

36. Landscape @Lincoln: place and context in the development of an antipodean landscape architecture programme.

Simon Swaffield, Jacky Bowring and Gill Lawson

37. Learning to practice creatively: emergent techniques in the climate emergency

Alice Lewis, Sue Anne Ware, Martin Bryant, Jen Lynch, Penny Allan and Katrina Simon

38. Landscape architecture education in Africa

Graham A. Young

39. Educational ecosystem on landscape in Latin América

Gloria Aponte-García, Cristina Felsenhardt, Lucas Períes and Karla María Hinojosa De la Garza

40. Conclusions and hopeful perspectives

Diedrich Bruns and Stefanie Hennecke