The unusual ambition of this volume is to engage scientists, historians, and philosophers in a common quest to delineate the structure of the creative thinking responsible for major advances in physical theory. The topic does not fit anyone discipline's proprietary interests, and can only be pursued cooperatively. This volume was conceived in the hope that the importance of learning something general about how theories are developed and what makes the difference between productive and abortive directions of theo­ retical inquiry could overcome well-known barriers to such cooperation. The volume originated in a conference held at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro in 1988, as an installment of the annual Greensboro Symposium in Philosophy. Most of the papers descend from papers pre­ sented on that occasion. The authors are well known in their own disciplines, but should be identified to the wider audience for interdisciplinary work in science studies. Rafael Sorkin, of Syracuse University, and Don Page, of the University of Alberta, are theoretical physicists who have done research in quantum gravity and cosmology. John Stachel, a physicist at Boston University, is widely known as the Director of the Einstein Project and editor of Einstein's papers. William Harper, a historian of science and philosopher at the University of Western Ontario, is a Newton scholar and specialist in decision theory.

On the Methods of Science.- Eliminative Induction as a Method of Discovery: How Einstein Discovered General Relativity.- "The Manifold of Possibilities": Comments on John Norton.- Einstein's Luckiest Thought.- Einstein's Methodology of Discovery was Newtonian Deduction from the Phenomena.- Newton's New Way of Inquiry.- A Specimen of Theory Construction from Quantum Gravity.- The Hartle-Hawking Proposal for the Quantum State of the Universe.- On the Introduction of New Ideas in Science.- Prior Information and the Development of New Ideas: The Copenhagen Family of Theories.- Name Index.