1 Introduction to flame retardant systems2 Nanoparticles for flame retardancy in polymer systems3 Flame retardant testing4 Flame retardant properties of polymer nanocomposites based on new layered structure nanoparticles5 Flame retardant properties of polymer/graphene nanocomposites6 Flame retardant properties of metal oxide/polymer nanocomposites7 Flame-retardant properties of POSS/polymer nanocomposites8 Flame-retardant properties of fullerene and nanodiamond-based polymer nanocomposites9 Flame-retardant properties of MXene-based polymer nanocomposites10 Biobased nanoparticles as flame retardant for polymers11 Flame retardant nanocomposites in various key application sectors12 Environmental challenges and perspectives in the development of nanocomposites for enhanced flame-retardant properties