Mobility and travel have always been key characteristics of human societies. Travels shaped religions and societies and were a way for people to understand themselves, this world, and the transcendent. This book analyses travelling in its social context in ancient and medieval societies.

Jenni Kuuliala is a university researcher at Tampere University, Finland. Her research interests include hagiography, pilgrimage and the social history of medicine in the Middle Ages and the early modern period.

Jussi Rantala is a postdoctoral researcher at Tampere University, Finland. His research concentrates on historiography, identity and power in Classical Antiquity, particularly in the Roman Empire.

List of figures

List of maps

Preface

1. Introduction

Jenni Kuuliala and Jussi Rantala

2. Pilgrimage, Mobile Behaviours and the creation of Religious Place in early Roman Latium

Emma-Jayne Graham

3. The Meaning of Roads: A Reinterpretation of the Roman Empire

Ray Laurence

4. The Sacred Travel of the Valesius' Family: Children and the liminal Stage

Katariina Mustakallio

5. When Kings and Gods meet: Agency and Experience in Sacred Travel from Alexander the Great to Caracalla

Jaakkojuhani Peltonen

6. Roman Imperial Family on the Road: Power and Interaction in the Roman East during the

Antonine Era

Sanna Joska

7. Pilgrimage in Pausanias

Jussi Rantala and Ville Vuolanto

8. Pilgrim's Devotion? Christian Graffiti from Antiquity to the Middle Ages

Eva-Maria Butz and Alfons Zettler

9. The Rise of St. James' Cult and the Concept of Pilgrimage

Klaus Herbers

10. Pedes habent et non ambulabunt: Mobility Impairment in Merovingian Gaul

Christian Laes

11. Sacralizing the Journey: Liturgies of Travel and Pilgrimage before the Crusades

M. Cecilia Gaposchkin

12. 'Not all those who wander are lost'. Saintly Travellers and their Companions in medieval Scandinavia

Sara E. Ellis Nilsson

13. 'The wagon rests in winter, the sleigh in summer, the horse never'. Practices of interurban Travelling on Horseback from Antiquity to the Middle Ages

Fabienne Meiers

14. Entertaining and Educating the Audience at Home: Eye-witnessing in Late Medieval Pilgrimage Reports

Stefan Schröder

15. A Native Lord in the Spanish Royal Court: The Transatlantic Voyage of Don Pedro de Henao, Cacique of Ipiales

Lauri Uusitalo

Index