Souleymane Bachir Diagne is a professor in the departments of French and philosophy at Columbia University. His books in English include African Art as Philosophy: Senghor, Bergson, and the Idea of Negritude (2011) and The Ink of the Scholars: Reflections on Philosophy in Africa (2016).

Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. And How to Not Philosophize?
2. How a Language Becomes Philosophical
3. What Does It Mean for a Philosophy to Be Islamic
4. Against Philosophy?
5. A Lesson in Ecological Philosophy
6. The Obligation to Philosophize
7. The Need for Philosophy
8. The Philosophy of Reform
9. The Philosophy of Movement
10. Pluralism
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Index