Throughout history, seapower has been a function of marine technology. For two millennia, rowed galleys were used to project power at sea, but ever-new military technologies have disrupted international relations and the law of naval warfare. This book focuses on the law of naval warfare and related international law that applies to the spectrum of maritime conflict.

James Kraska is Chair and Charles H. Stockton Professor of International Maritime Law in the Stockton Center for International Law at the U.S. Naval War College and Visiting Professor of Law and John Harvey Gregory Lecturer on World Organization at Harvard Law School. A retired Navy Commander, he held numerous positions with the Fleet and in the Pentagon, including Director of International Negotiations on the Joint Staff.
Raul Pedrozo is the Howard S. Levie Professor of the Law of Armed Conflict in the Stockton Center for International Law at the U.S. Naval War College and a retired Navy Captain. He served in numerous positions with operational forces and in the Pentagon, including Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Principal Legal Adviser to U.S. Naval Special Warfare Command, and Principal Legal Adviser to Commander, U.S. Pacific Command.

• Introduction


• 1. Law of Naval Warfare and Maritime Neutrality


• 2. Merchant Ships


• 3. Unmanned Maritime Systems


• 4. Lethal Autonomous Weapons


• 5. Submarine Warfare


• 6. Seabed Warfare


• 7. Missile Warfare and Nuclear Weapons


• 8. Naval Operations in Outer Space